liquid cooling cycle system needs to be combined with technology development trend, industry demand and policy guidance, from system architecture optimization, energy efficiency improvement, reliability assurance and other dimensions. The following are the specific research paths and the conditions and functions required by the system:
1. Liquid Cooling Cycle System
High Heat Flow Density Chip Adaptation: For AI chips, GPU and other high heat flux scenarios with power consumption exceeding 800W, development is required.two-phase cold plate liquid coolingorsubmerged liquid coolingtechnology, the use of phase-change latent heat to enhance thermal capacity (e. g. two-phase cold plate cooling capacity of up to 300W/cm²)26.
Multi-level Heat Exchange Design: Such as Guangzhou Power and Thermal Management Technology's "Triple Liquid Cooling Cycle" patent, through the layered flow channel design to optimize the cooling path, improve the utilization rate of coolant 8.
system
Dynamic Natural Cooling Combination: Combine liquid cooling system with natural cooling technology, such as using low temperature environment heat dissipation through dry cooler, reduce mechanical refrigeration energy consumption, and realize PUE as low as 1.1 below 10.
waste heat recovery and utilization: The waste heat generated by the liquid cooling system is used for building heating or industrial processes to improve the comprehensive utilization rate of energy.
intelligent and automatic control
intelligent water replenishment and flow monitoring: For example, the liquid-cooled circulating water replenishment system of Chongqing Long March Heavy Industry realizes automatic water replenishment through the liquid level controller and the soft water device to solve the problem of unstable coolant supply 59.
AI-driven predictive maintenance: Integrate sensors and big data analysis to monitor coolant PH value, turbidity, temperature and other parameters in real time, predict the risk of leakage or blockage, and trigger maintenance strategy 7 in advance.
Material and Process Innovation
Coolant: Choose low boiling point fluoride (two-phase system) or high insulating mineral oil (immersion type) for different scenarios to avoid corrosion of equipment and improve safety 24.
lightweight and modular design: Promote the standardized production of liquid cooling plates and pipelines to reduce customized costs, such as single-phase cold plate liquid cooling through universal fin design to reduce costs 4.
2. Liquid Cooling Cycle System
Efficient heat dissipation capability
supports a single cabinet with a power density of more than 100kW (intelligent computing scenario), and realizes precise heat dissipation 610 through direct contact with cold plate or immersion liquid cooling.
Compatible with multiple cooling modes (partial/full liquid cooling), flexible response to different load demands 4.
High reliability and safety
leakage protection mechanism: Deploy photoelectric, electrode and other types of sensors to detect leaks and trigger alarms in real time, reducing operational risk48.
Redundancy Design: Distributed CDU (cold distribution unit) and dual-cycle pump configuration are used to ensure that a single point of failure does not affect the overall operation 2.
energy saving and environmental protection characteristics
Complies with PUE policy requirements (e. g., new data center PUE≤ 1.3), and achieves ultra-low energy consumption through a comprehensive solution of liquid-cooled natural cooling.
The coolant needs to be recyclable or environmentally friendly to avoid environmental pollution, such as the specification requirements for coolant treatment in Anhui local standards 3.
Lifecycle Management
installation and debugging support: Provide system integration services to ensure seamless compatibility of liquid cooling equipment with IT infrastructure, such as start-up commissioning and spare parts supply service.7.
Long-term maintenance system: Regularly detect the coolant state, pipeline tightness and equipment aging, and extend the service life of the system to more than 15 years 17.
3. Research Conditions and Industrial Synergy Requirements
Experiment and Test Platform
, it is necessary to build a high heat flux simulation environment to verify the stability of the liquid cooling system under extreme conditions.
establish a coolant performance laboratory to evaluate its thermal properties, material compatibility and attenuation characteristics after long-term use.
Policy and Standards Support
Follow the "Electrochemical Energy Storage Liquid Cooling System Design Technical Requirements" and other local and industry standards to ensure design compliance 3.
participate in the formulation of national standards for liquid-cooled technology, seize the right to speak of technology, such as the dawn of several to promote the commercial landing of immersion liquid cooling 1.
industry chain collaborative innovation
joint chip manufacturers, server manufacturers to jointly develop customized liquid-cooled solutions, such as Huawei and car companies to build an overcharge network model 17.
Promote the localization of key components (e. g. liquid-cooled plates, CDUs), reduce system cost, and achieve large-scale application14.
Summary
liquid cooling circulation system needs to be based onEfficient heat dissipation, intelligent control, low carbon energy savingas the core goal, through technological innovation and industry collaboration to solve the thermal management problems in high-density computing scenarios. In the future, with the explosion of demand for AI and high-performance computing, liquid-cooled systems will beHigh integration, low TCO (total cost of ownership)direction has evolved to become the core infrastructure of data centers, energy storage systems and overcharging networks. Enterprises need to grasp the policy dividend, accelerate the technology iteration, and pay attention to the long-term maintenance of ecological and standardization construction, in order to meet the dual challenges of technology substitution and market competition.